Pumping apparatus.



.LIoHNHALHm oiiLos ANGELES', oniiifonme. i

vPoivneilie; APPARATUS. f

To all 'whom it may come/m Be it known that I, JOHN HAHN, aeitzen L of'the Unied.Staies, residing at Los A115 i geles, in the yeounl'y of LosAngeles'und Siete ofGalifornia,'haveinvented new and useiiillmprovexn'enis in 'Pumping f Appm'ats, of which ine following is aSpecification. Y

This invention relates :to the Construction o'lshesucker rod 4:1nd alsoto the 'oinbinution= with tli'e pump t-ubingof 'a sii'clgeifrod of novelconstruction. j A 1W-Ellis 'invention includes the sucker rod shown in*m5/application Serial Number 5545963, i'iledAprilf?, 1910, for-purnglngzigf paraipeyof lwhich llliis veippliceition-is a d1- -YSpeeiio 'claimslo the suekerqrod, per se, as hereinshown hav'ebeen 'divided oui'l ofthis application-andere included in my eo pendingapplicationioi sucker'rod, `Seria Ne. empoegied Jm 1. 18,1912. f f' i l In deepv well pumpsWei'eihe siiclieifjrods" er if i's'ifouiicl' ifyb'e4 imposeilile tooperate libe pumppiston eecwely, witlieueker' 'rolls of Yareoneiliousand'feet in llength am ing :1t- Netty low speed, for thereusonthat the. pump iibingmust; `loe of small dia-meter en-'account ofthe great depth sind "tlieitrenieiflmilpressui'e to the square inohixponthe pun1p` piston and vthat consequently, tlesucker i'od niist be ofsmell 'cross 'seo- Wiihtle present' c onsti'ucilion Aof sucker rods-eepziiile fof ypreoiieiil use and in practieel foiisuch" deep' Wells,'the sucker rodslyend oi" buckle on tllejclownv stroke kso that f lleirensmisson 'ofniet-ion 'to 'the pump pislt has been propoeecliii-eonieinstances to.

'Vfitli .the sucker rode-heretofore in use in ille field 'the mosteffective operation of the punie is eec'liredjwitli ioi'n twelve toii'teen sirenes per minute. Thev said strokes above meeiioned donetoischarge tihe amoumtl of the constizuetion'heretofore known, except;

` Lon is very ineffective and thesti'oke of said.

@lgionresuliiigf'froin e Qrinoh sirole of [he W'alliing beam' may -bereduced to only oil which would be discharged were` the pis-l tonsirokeequal to that ,ofthe iop`en O' :the Suc-ker Iiocl. urtherinor'e illebuckling :incl bending loi' the .Socket ijoils'ciystallizee'- the metaland causes 'bieilage'fbo oeem' el the pins and boxes.- Fni'tlieinoieWlieiievei' the sucker rods are buckled oiivbenton the clown sii'oke' soas lo st-ilke the pump ,tiibing., l

said iulnngand the pin and the boxes Ween/ so that the lie-of'ilie .tubeand 1ille iocll is greatly ieduced. 1 l

The Sections of .sucker rooie' lie'ietoiore in use are liable toijelatively urnso as' io un# screw at the join'ie,'thus"oftenfcausing'ii lishingjobwith in ehdeley and expense.

I have discoveredI iliai, the yifiiiieipal diilisuoker .oiilty iov-beoxieioome in pumping deep o il Wellsarises from the lollowing"conditionsi j iieseil air in such wellsmncl l1e`escaping'- gesor air seeks and tends io move along the siii'faces bounding the 4columno'pil which is being pumped and -iend's to cai'ry upwiirfll along suolisiu'faeee ille lighieeend'more lipid maeriel g and consequently "the Iheavier material, as senil and. iliethicker oil, grevi-` iiites to thecenter ofthe column. ""In" hydromeohanics it 4is' l'newiiftlie-t theparticles of fluid* 'flowing ihrofgli e; pipehave movements'warg/ing inspeed from' cenl@er tol periphery 'of theooluinn, the central` particlesmoving al; maximum rfitefend the-1 peripheral particles' all fniniiniunmi In 1 y. .e .A .y negiviei' particles .in zi eolumiivoerfrying'fluid-.Y n y 1 y 'O diilerenifdeneities greiimiel eQsiiCh beloning andWhen:

Consequence 'of' this clifei'emey of Spe o ille oeiiteiv f iclieentefoi'i the oeluinn: A4eine es with i-,li'eeeii'oeo oiihe f pump iuloing isclear thatv sueke i'oflef 1.1 use y11g :to the presentA time and thosefiliali' have been proposed illust beoperateduiiiei adyersef eonclitifmsSince 4'euch Sucliei Tools are locale@ in ine-position o; maximum -ioWfind maximum flensiy;y lt-'ris lmoWiiiliaif-in- 3 0@ handling oracleoil-that such foil'leee 'a 'high' percentage' of i'lge'ffinoie volatile'and' li/.a'luzible eonstiuents, geso'lenei such i.oiss'es'oult# lessbeing Clue to lie presence of ii or other'- gases: in. ziii'eboiii *chevoila if have' eoveied in pumping einde 4oil Y. the-13 the lesiethe oilise'gijzated'eendjchuneol' l olie/smaller 'will loe he lessee of' ehevolatile oils..v I Hereto fore the main body' lie. ysockel* 11 e rod hasbeen loca-'led et iiieoenteieofihfe eo- Fie-,

so f

the sucker rod causes the lower portion thereof to oat while tlie upperportion is buckled by the friction ofthe fluid material, andconsequently when the sucker rod makes above ten strokes per minute thefriction on the lower portion of the sucker rod and on the pump pistonof the working barrel retards those parts on the down stroke, so thatthe stroke of the lower Iportion of the sucker rod is not. tnishedbeforethe up stroke occurs, thus producing;` inetlicienti pumping action andcausingr crystallization,4

breaking;` and parting of thel sucker rod and wearing of the-pumptubing.

It is evident from the foregoing that.in order to, obtain maximumoutput: of crude oil from a well with niiuiimnnyloss of volatile oils itis necessary to `et the sucker rod away from' the dense fluid in thecenter of the column. y

An object of mv invention is Ato avoid these difficulties. This l do bypractically .dividing the liquid material .being pumped into a pluralityof eolnmnsfthe periineters of which are adjacent the sticker rod-as wellas adJaoent. the pump tubing' and to surround tlie same with an unbrokengas-way.4 .extending entirely around the` sucker-rod `from top to bottomof the pumptubin v so that during` the pumpingl operation t. ere

' may be a constant uptlow of gas and liquid in a series of practically,straight columns extending from bottoni to top of thel tubing, with aminimum deflection of the fluids from a'. straighty course ah any point,and to minimize the number of pl: ces where such slight', deflections ofthe il iid i'na occur.

And such straight. columns olif liqui passing' upward in a straightcourse hold'thefsuckerrod in the center of t hei pumltiV ltubing,ragainst:

villa-ation, rotation, hiicklin and bending and from contact with thopumpI tubing. lly thus dividing the oil that is being pumped int.oa'plurality yof columns, the eavy material in each of the columnsgravitates to the center of its column and away from the sucker rod and.from the pump tubing so that the gas and lighter liquid material contactwith the sucker rod on the down stroke, as well as with the pump tubingon the up stroke, and the friction is donel away with and the consequenttendencyl to buckle and break is avoided, thus permitting the pump to berun at', a higher speed with greater output.

Further objects and advantages may appear in the snbjoined detaildescription.`

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure l is afragmentary elevation of the invention showing two sectionsof a ribbed sucker' rod coupled together and in place in a pump tubing,fragments of which are shown in section. Fig. 2 isa. fragmentaryelevation of the invention cna reduced scale.

The pump piston and standing'valve are shown intact inside the pumptubing, a portion of which is omitted to avoid confusion.

Fig. 3 is anaxial sectional elevation onA line c, Fig. .1. Fig. 4 is .across section on line a", Figs. 1 and Fig. 5 is a perspective View of awelding member havin a different form of welding shank than t at shownvin Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 6 is a cross section of a ribbed sucker rodhaving a body fitting the welding member shown in Fig. 5, and in placein a pump tubing.

,The pumping apparatus comprises puni i tubing 1 of the usualconstruction provideld internally with a sucker rod 9 preferablyconstructed of separable seetions'p; each of which is formed of threemembers, a ribbed or bladed member or body 4, of compara--` tively'greatI lengt-h, as for instance, twenty feet, more or less, and ofslightly less dialnevterthan the pump tubing; and welding'end members 5,6, that are each composed of a male or female threaded cou ling 7 or 8,

respectively, of rless diameter t an the body I 4, and intermediateAwrench seats 9 referably of square cross section,`and rib d or bladedwelding Shanks 10 that correspond with and are fastened to the body 4 bysuitable means as the electric weld a,' so thatthe sticker rod ispractically of uniform ribbed cross section throughout its entirelength.

The ribbed body 4 and ribbed Shanks 10 are practically Y or X-shapedaccbrding as their radial blades, foi'min longitudinal partitions ll'in`the pump tii ing, are three' or four in number, but it is understoodthat. the number of such partitions may be' inre or less as desired. i

The partitions l1 stillen the sucker rod lengthwise andat the same timeractielly divide 'the pump tubing into a p urality of pumping chambers,channels or passages 12, eachof which is of eater cross-sectional area'thatthe bladed ody 4 so as to form between each two adjacentlpartitions .during the pumping operation, independent co1- umns ofliquid material, not shown; and the partitions further provide a seat'for a wrench such as shown, described and claimed in my cofpendingapplication for pump roe-neas et fitting, tiled June 20, 1910, SerialNumber 568,033, `and in which oppositely arranged Wrench jaws areprovided-Withrslots to engage V a ribbed sucker rod. i

The lowerend of the sucker rod 2 isypro-l..

v ided with a suitablefpiston i3 of any. desired construction and thepump 'tubing' l vmay be provided internally belen7 the ypistonllongitudinal passage to I another clearance space 1s free from anysuelterrody 13 with a standing valvele' of any desired forrn. Y l.

Inpractice, the diameter of thev sucker rod is substantially thesarnea'sbut less than' the diameterv of thev pump tubing, thesu'cker rod`and the pump tubing being preferably of such relative proportions thatthere. isI but slight clearance between the Walls oit lthe tubin andthe' edges of the partitions, so that of the tubing and yet'the spaeetisminimized through which liquid may pass troni one and such parts alongythe entire length of the sucker rod, so that the action of the suckerrod willf the inertia of the oil in the pipe to mini- 4columns that areparel mize the tendency of the rod or the sections thereof 4torelatively rotate such rota-- tion can only be effected by p iactf" ilyrc tat/ing the entire column of oil or other terial surrounding theportion of the rod that tends to turn. The advantages of thi"Iconstruction and arrangement in this re spect are maximized in the easeor thick and heavy crude oil carrying sand or other solids, and thetendency te unseren' -t the joints is minimized.

In the form shown in rigs. l to '4, inelusive, there are four, and inFigs. 5 and 6, there are three straight 'radially disposed longitudinalpartitions, ribs or blades which have n0 radial pro]ections to iinpingeagainst theoil and which extend nearly but not quite to the walls of'the pump tubinff,

thus forming four or three divisions the tubing, as the case may be, toconine the liquid 4in a plurality of straight angular l'el with. theaxis' of the tubing, thus tending to hold the sucker rod againstvibration as well. as against buckling and rotation, and furthermore,the strength, rigidity and channel space are :nairirnized,l and theweight and the tri ional resistance against the material to be puni areminimized.

epart'itions-Wiil not touch-.the walls' It is thus seen that I haveprovided in a pumping apparatus, the combination With the puinp tubingof means to divide the inp terior of the pump tubing' into a pluralityvof lpuu'iping chainblersextending lengthwise of therod between the'joints'thereof, and

that the cross-sectional area of eachjointlis .L minimized so that theliquid may flowtreely," y

along the tubing; that the couplings atftlie jointsl cannot corne intoconta'ctlwith the tubingorbecorne Worn th'erebyiyand :that

tubing is InininiiZed.,l Y i Itis thus seen thatthe puinp tubing and the,trictionof the li'lqu'id ou the rod and.'

piston rodv forni Wallsl respectively"adapted to conjointly .inclose aplurality offcoiuninsy the perimetcrs of which' are-adjacent the.vpiston rod andI the punto tubing and, Wearing action of solids in 'the'material been ino nuniped is n iininiizcd and churningfand.

lost motion is avoided. i,

@A 'pumping apparatus jcolnprising pump tubing, .ey valved pistonandfa,lengt` tudinally bladed sucker rod in the pump tubing, said puinptubingandbladedsucker rod forming Walls respectively 'adapted toconjoint-ly inclose ya piurality .lo-' columns` of -which theperinieters are'adjacent the piston operating means andthe pump tub ing,there being a clearance between the respective Walls."

A pumping apparatus comprising valved piston, pump tubing and a bladedsucker rod forming longitudinal Walls oit the tubing and the sucker rodblades respec` tively to conjointly inelose a plurality oi columns which'the perimeters are centjhe sue-lier rod and the pump tubing;v

blades. of greater diameter than the couplings and of substantially thesame but ot less diameter than `the inside of the pump- 'tubing saidpump tubing and sucker red' blades together forming aplurality ofunipehaxnbers for the purpose set fort i.

4;. A, pumping apparat-us comprising a valv'ed piston, pump tubing, anda suelte? rod connected te the piston and composed of separablesectiens, each of Whien is constructedot a bladerl member of parativei tlength and of subs an what end members that are eachcomposed of acourlingmember of less diameter than the "the pump tubing into a'plurality of bla wrench seats'of square cross Section5-and each of whichis constructed of bladed Welding. Shanks that correspond with and arepump tubing, a piston inthe pump tubing land a longitudinally bladedsucker rod to operate the piston and to practically divide Pump ingchambers.

v 7. A pumping apparatus comprising pump tubing, a piston inj'flthe pumptubing, a standing valve in the tubing below the piston and alongitudinally bladed sucker r.rod to operate the piston and to,practically divide the lump tubing into a plurality of pumpingclihmbers.

ed member -and comprise intermediate.

8.fA pumping apparatus comprisingy al i i suckerl and tubing and asucker rod con-v4 Stlllteii and arranged to form' longitudinal i,l 1

pumping chambers extending unobstructthere being some clearance between'the. tubing and sucker rod, substantially as and k for the purpose setforth.

9. A pumping apparatus comprisinga edly through the tubing above thesucker;

sucker, and" tubing and a suckerrod .con-

structed and arranged to form longitudinal pumping chamberssymmetrically disposed about the rod and extending unob-A structedlythrough the tubing above thel sucker there being some clearance betweenIn testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los AngelesCalifornia this Lith day of January i911.

In presence of- GEoRcE H. Hines, JAMES R. TowNsEND, L. BELLE Rica.

the tubin and sucker rod, substantially as and for-t e purposeset'forth.

JOHN HAHN.

